HSG Test is recommended as one of the first lines of investigations in patients with trouble conceiving or those who have had two or more miscarriages.

Tubal blockage can result from a variety of different causes and most of these conditions can be diagnosed by HSG. Some of these are:

Structural abnormalities in the uterus-causing blockage of the fallopian tubes.
Scar tissue in the uterus.
Uterine fibroids.
Uterine tumors or Uterine polyps.
Infection of pelvic organs.

HSG is also recommended to find out if the tubes are closed properly after tubal ligation, a procedure that closes the fallopian tube. It can also be used to check if the reversal of a tubal ligation was successful in reopening the fallopian tubes.

The HSG test will normally be done in the days following the completion of your period, before ovulation so as to reduce the chances of having the test when pregnant. It is a very short procedure that takes only for a few minutes and does not require any hospital stay.

As some women find the test painful, your doctor might prescribe a pain medication. The medicine is administered about an hour before the scheduled procedure. Your doctor may also give a sedative to help you relax. A course of antibiotic will be given after the test to help prevent infection.

Some patients experience mild dizziness and nausea after this uterus examination. These are normal side effects, and soon subside. Some rare but serious complications include :

Allergic reaction to the contrast dye.
Endometrial or fallopian tube infection.
Injury to the uterus.

It is recommended that you seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:

Fever.
Severe pain.
Foul-smelling vaginal discharge.
Fainting.
Heavy vaginal bleeding.
Vomiting.